{"id":137,"date":"2024-03-11T21:23:11","date_gmt":"2024-03-11T20:23:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.prozvane.cz\/?p=137"},"modified":"2024-11-18T21:31:50","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T20:31:50","slug":"jan-capek-ze-san-zradce-od-lipan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.prozvane.cz\/index.php\/jan-capek-ze-san-zradce-od-lipan\/","title":{"rendered":"Jan \u010capek ze S\u00e1n &#8211; zr\u00e1dce od Lipan?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>P\u016fvod tohoto vojev\u016fdce, jemu\u017e mnoz\u00ed nespravedliv\u011b p\u0159i\u0159kli roli zr\u00e1dce, kter\u00fd \u00fadajn\u011b prohr\u00e1l osudovou bitvu u Lipan, je nejasn\u00fd. Narodil se n\u011bkdy mezi lety 1390-1400 v <a href=\"https:\/\/www.obecsany.cz\/nase-obec\/historie-a-nalezy\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">mal\u00e9 vesnici S\u00e1ny<\/a> mezi Kol\u00ednem a Pod\u011bbrady. Ve vsi st\u00e1ly dv\u011b tvrze, po nich\u017e nezbyly \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 stopy. Je tedy z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee Jan \u010capek byl p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edkem ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed \u0161lechty, ze kter\u00e9 se rekrutoval nejeden husitsk\u00fd hejtman. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Hejtmanem sirotk\u016f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Vojensk\u00e1 kari\u00e9ra, odvaha, nezm\u011brn\u00e9 sebv\u011bdom\u00ed a sklon k riskov\u00e1n\u00ed na bitevn\u00edm poli, stejn\u011b jako velen\u00ed j\u00edzdn\u00edm bojovn\u00edk\u016fm p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 jin\u00e9ho vojev\u016fdce, Napoleonova mar\u0161\u00e1la a \u0161vagra <a href=\"https:\/\/cs.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Joachim_Murat\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Joachima Murata<\/a>. T\u00e9to postav\u011b se budu v\u011bnovat n\u011bkdy p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Prvn\u00ed zm\u00ednka o \u010capkovi jako hejtmanu sirot\u010d\u00edho vojska je z \u010dervence 1425, kdy velel sirotk\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed dobyli hrad Michalovice, komendu johanit\u016f v \u010cesk\u00e9m Dubu a d\u00e1le m\u011bsta B\u011bl\u00e1 pod Bezd\u011bzem, Mimo\u0148 a Jablonn\u00e9 v Podje\u0161t\u011bd\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V srpnu 1427, b\u011bhem 3. k\u0159\u00ed\u017eov\u00e9 v\u00fdpravy, \u010capek s hradeck\u00fdmi sirotky vyt\u00e1hl na pomoc slezsk\u00fdmi k\u0159i\u017e\u00e1ky ohro\u017een\u00e9mu N\u00e1chodu. Zde se poprv\u00e9 projevila jeho zbrklost a nedostatek rozvahy. Slezan\u00e9 vyl\u00e1kali husitsk\u00e9 bojovn\u00edky z hradeb p\u0159edst\u00edran\u00fdm \u00faprkem od m\u011bsta. Pot\u00e9 husity p\u0159ekvapili proti\u00fatokem a skryt\u00fdmi z\u00e1lohami. Ano, pokud v\u00e1m to p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159 bitvy u Lipan, trefili jste se. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159es tento ne\u00fasp\u011bch nejen\u017ee \u010capek nep\u0159i\u0161el o velen\u00ed, ale \u00fa\u010dastnil se jako hejtman sirot\u010d\u00edho vojska spolu s t\u00e1borsk\u00fdm vojskem v roce 1431 ta\u017een\u00ed do Horn\u00edch Uher (Slovensko :-). T\u00e1bo\u0159i st\u00e1le se prodlu\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fdpravu opustili a vr\u00e1tili se do \u010cech. Sirotci p\u0159i p\u0159echodu V\u00e1hu u Ilavy byli napadeni uhersk\u00fdm vojskem. Husit\u0161t\u00ed bojovn\u00edci nesta\u010dili z pochodov\u00e9ho \u00fatvaru vytvo\u0159it vozovou hradbu a utrp\u011bli ztr\u00e1ty (\u00fadajn\u011b a\u017e 5.000 padl\u00fdch a 250 z celkov\u00fdch 300 bojov\u00fdch voz\u016f). P\u0159esto se jim poda\u0159ilo pokra\u010dovat, aby u B\u00e1nova v druh\u00e9m st\u0159etu s Uhry utrp\u011bli drtivou por\u00e1\u017eku. \u010capek p\u0159i\u0161el o dv\u011b t\u0159etiny sv\u00fdch bojovn\u00edk\u016f. Ztraceny byly v\u0161echny vozy s ko\u0159ist\u00ed, padli v\u0161ichni p\u011b\u0161\u00ed bojovn\u00edci, zachr\u00e1nila se jen j\u00edzda. P\u0159ijde v\u00e1m to jako dal\u0161\u00ed paralela s Lipany? Op\u011bt se nem\u00fdl\u00edte.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Husit\u00e9 na Baltu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Oproti t\u00e9to nepoda\u0159en\u00e9 v\u00fdprav\u011b do Horn\u00edch Uher byla tzv. spanil\u00e1 j\u00edzda do Polska v roce 1433 naprost\u00fdm triumfem. V\u00fdprava m\u011bla za c\u00edl podpo\u0159it polsk\u00e9ho kr\u00e1le Vladislava II. Jagella prot \u0158\u00e1du n\u011bmeck\u00fdch ryt\u00ed\u0159\u016f. Spojen\u00e1 husitsk\u00e1 arm\u00e1da pr\u00fd \u010d\u00edtala na 7000 p\u011b\u0161\u00e1k\u016f, 700 jezdc\u016f a 350 voz\u016f,c o\u017e p\u0159edstavovalo nemalou vojenskou s\u00edlu. Ta\u017een\u00ed skon\u010dilo 13.09.1433 uzav\u0159en\u00edm p\u0159\u00edm\u011b\u0159\u00ed s \u0158\u00e1dem. Sirot\u010d\u00ed vojsko se vr\u00e1tilo s \u017eoldem od k\u00e1rle Vladislava, ko\u0159ist\u00ed a exotick\u00fdm darem pro Jana \u010capka. Darem byl velbloud, kter\u00fd je\u0161t\u011b vstoup\u00ed do historie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"618\" src=\"https:\/\/www.prozvane.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1-3-1024x618-540913393.jpg\" alt=\"Obraz Husit\u00e9m na Baltu\" class=\"wp-image-144\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.prozvane.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1-3-1024x618-540913393.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.prozvane.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1-3-1024x618-540913393-300x181.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.prozvane.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1-3-1024x618-540913393-768x464.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Po n\u00e1vratu se sirotci zapojili do obl\u00e9h\u00e1n\u00ed katolick\u00e9 Plzn\u011b. Zde se projevil rozklad mor\u00e1lky poln\u00edch vojsk, kdy dokonce do\u0161lo k fyzick\u00e9mu napaden\u00ed vrchn\u00edho hejtmana t\u00e1bor\u016f, Prokopa Velik\u00e9ho. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed husit\u0161t\u00ed velitel\u00e9 z\u0159ejm\u011b obl\u00e9h\u00e1n\u00ed m\u011bsta bojkotovali a umo\u017enili jeho z\u00e1sobov\u00e1n\u00ed potravinami. 30. b\u0159ezna se b\u00fdval\u00e9mu t\u00e1borsk\u00e9mu spojenci P\u0159ib\u00edkovi z Klenov\u00e9 poda\u0159ilo prorazit obkl\u00ed\u010den\u00ed a dopravit Plze\u0148sk\u00fdm za hradby slaninu a obil\u00ed. P\u0159i jednom z v\u00fdpad\u016f plze\u0148ks\u00fdch ozbrojenc\u016f se t\u011bmto povedlo ukr\u00e1st \u010capkova velblouda, dar polsk\u00e9ho kr\u00e1le. Tato \u0161kodolibost a potupa hrd\u00e9ho hejtmana (nab\u00edzel za zv\u00ed\u0159e v\u00fdkupn\u00e9 50 kop gro\u0161\u016f, hodnotu v\u00fdkupn\u00e9ho za urozen\u00e9ho zajatce) se p\u0159enesla do do plze\u0148sk\u00e9ho m\u011bstsk\u00e9ho znaku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"217\" height=\"207\" src=\"https:\/\/www.prozvane.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/131002_Maly_znak_mesta_Plzne_Anotace-2357662279.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-143\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Po z\u00e1soben\u00ed Plzn\u011b ztratilo dal\u0161\u00ed obl\u00e9h\u00e1n\u00ed smysl. Nav\u00edc se jako dom\u00e1c\u00ed vojensk\u00e1 opozice zformovala tzv. pansk\u00e1 jednota, kter\u00e1 sjednotila katolickou \u0161lechtu se z\u00e1stupci um\u00edrn\u011bn\u00e9 kali\u0161nick\u00e9 \u0161lechty. Radik\u00e1lov\u00e9 z t\u00e1borsk\u00e9ho a sirot\u010d\u00edho svazu ztr\u00e1celi pozice a p\u0159\u00edznivce. Ji\u017e 28. b\u0159ezna 1434 (v dob\u011b obl\u00e9h\u00e1n\u00ed Plzn\u011b) se k alianci \u010desk\u00fdch kali\u0161n\u00edk\u016f a katol\u00edk\u016f p\u0159ipojila i moravsk\u00e1 husitsk\u00e1 \u0161lechta. 5. kv\u011btna radik\u00e1lov\u00e9 ztratili Nov\u00e9 M\u011bsto Pra\u017esk\u00e9. Ve stejn\u00fd den, 5. kv\u011btna se P\u0159ib\u00edkovi z Klenov\u00e9 op\u011bt poda\u0159ilo proniknout obkl\u00ed\u010den\u00edm Plzn\u011b a dodat obl\u00e9han\u00fdm pot\u0159ebn\u00fd materi\u00e1l v\u010detn\u011b 70 000 litr\u016f obil\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Lipany &#8211; je\u0161t\u011b se m\u016f\u017eeme dohodnout<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Vojsko pansk\u00e9 jednoty oblehlo \u010cesk\u00fd Brod, aby donutilo radik\u00e1ly k boji. Ji\u017e 28. kv\u011btna ale do\u0161la zpr\u00e1va, \u017ee se bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed spojen\u00e9 t\u00e1borsko-sirot\u010d\u00ed vojsko. Ob\u011b vojska se setkala u vesnice Lipany, kde poln\u00ed obce obsadily \u00fapat\u00ed severn\u00edho svahu Lipsk\u00e9 hory, jedin\u00e9ho strategicky v\u00fdhodn\u00e9ho bodu v okol\u00ed. Proto\u017ee ob\u011b vojska pou\u017e\u00edvala stejnou, defenzivn\u00ed techniku, kdy \u010dekala na \u00fatok protivn\u00edka ve vozov\u00e9 hradb\u011b a a\u017e po rozvr\u00e1cen\u00ed nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9ho \u0161iku a jeho zahn\u00e1n\u00ed na \u00fat\u011bk do\u0161lo k pron\u00e1sledov\u00e1n\u00ed protivn\u00edka, do\u0161lo k patov\u00e9 situaci. Nikdo necht\u011bl za\u00fato\u010dit. Proto do\u0161lo k jedn\u00e1n\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ob\u011b strany zast\u00e1valy nesmi\u0159iteln\u00e1 a pro protivn\u00edka nep\u0159ijateln\u00e1 stanoviska. T\u00e1borsko-sirot\u010d\u00ed svaz po\u017eadoval navr\u00e1cen\u00ed Nov\u00e9ho M\u011bsta Pra\u017esk\u00e9ho pod jejich kontrolu. Pansk\u00e1 jednota kontrovala po\u017eadavkem, aby se t\u00e1bo\u0159i vzdali v\u0161ech statk\u016f, kter\u00e9 v pr\u016fb\u011bhu v\u00e1lky z\u00edskali. Do napjate\u00e9 atmosf\u00e9ry dorazil t\u00e1borsk\u00fd kn\u011bz a hejtman Bed\u0159ich ze Str\u00e1\u017enice, jen\u017e nal\u00e9hal na t\u00e1bory a sirotky, aby se za ka\u017edou cenu sna\u017eili s protivn\u00edky uzav\u0159\u00edt m\u00edrovou dohodu. Jeho n\u00e1vrh vzbudil takovou nevoli, \u017ee musel t\u00e1bor opustit. Podle n\u011bkter\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v s n\u00edm ode\u0161lo a\u017e 300 bojovn\u00edk\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed m\u011bli stejn\u00fd n\u00e1zor. V tento okam\u017eik bylo rozhodnuto. N\u011bkter\u00fd z \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f jedn\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fadajn\u011b v t\u00e9to chv\u00edli prohl\u00e1sil: &#8222;Tak to tedy rozhodneme p\u011bstmi.&#8220;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bude boj<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>V tuto chv\u00edli proti sob\u011b st\u00e1la dv\u011b srovnateln\u011b siln\u00e1 vojska, pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed stejnou taktiku, stejnou v\u00fdzbroj a proti sob\u011b st\u00e1li velitel\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed se osobn\u011b znali. Na stran\u011b t\u00e1borsko-sirot\u010d\u00edho vojska byl vrchn\u00edm velitelem kn\u011bz Prokop Hol\u00fd. T\u00e1borsk\u00e9mu vojsku veleli d\u00e1le Zikmund z Vranova a Ond\u0159ej Ke\u0159sk\u00fd z \u0158imovic (mimochodem, dal\u0161\u00ed postava hodn\u00e1 samostatn\u00e9ho \u010dl\u00e1nku). Sirotk\u016fm velel Jan \u010capek Za S\u00e1n, duchovn\u00edm spr\u00e1vcem byl Prokop zvan\u00fd Mal\u00fd. Dal\u0161\u00edm hejtmanem sirotk\u016f byl Jan Roh\u00e1\u010d z Dub\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na stran\u011b Pansk\u00e9 jednoty byl vrchn\u00edm velitelem zvolen Divi\u0161 Bo\u0159ek z Milet\u00ednka, b\u00fdval\u00fd husitsk\u00fd hejtman a souputn\u00edk Jana \u017di\u017eky. Za katol\u00edky byl ve velen\u00ed zastoupen Old\u0159ich II. z Ro\u017emberka a ro\u017embersk\u00fd hejtman a zku\u0161en\u00fd v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00edk Mikul\u00e1\u0161 Krchlebec z Krchleb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Odhady velikosti obou vojsk se v historii li\u0161\u00ed a m\u011bnily se podle toho, na \u010d\u00ed stran\u011b autor textu st\u00e1l. Modern\u00ed historie se ale klon\u00ed k t\u011bmto po\u010dt\u016fm. T\u00e1borsko-sirot\u010d\u00ed vojsko bylo o s\u00edle asi 10.000 p\u011b\u0161\u00edch a 700 j\u00edzdn\u00edch bojovn\u00edk\u016f s asi 480 bojov\u00fdmi vozy. Pansk\u00e1 jednota disponovala vojskem o s\u00edle asi 12.000\u201313.000 p\u011b\u0161\u00edch, 1.200 j\u00edzdn\u00edch s asi 720 bojov\u00fdmi vozy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Obrann\u00e1 formace radik\u00e1l\u016f vyu\u017eila strategicky v\u00fdhodn\u00e9 polohy na svahu Lipsk\u00e9 hory. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b ne\u00fasp\u011bchu mohlo vojsko ustoupit stoupit do nedalek\u00fdch sirot\u010d\u00edch m\u011bst (Kou\u0159im 5 km, \u010cesk\u00fd Brod 8 km, Kol\u00edn 20 km).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vojsko Pansk\u00e9 jednoty bylo v nev\u00fdhod\u011b. Okoln\u00ed krajina jim neumo\u017enila zaujmout v\u00fdhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed postaven\u00ed a sv\u00e9 vozy proto rozestavili v jeden\u00e1cti \u010di dvan\u00e1cti \u0159ad\u00e1ch na rovin\u011b severov\u00fdchodn\u011b od vesnice H\u0159iby.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Proti \u010cechu \u0161el zas \u010cech&#8230;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Pl\u00e1n Divi\u0161e Bo\u0159ka z Milet\u00ednka byl na jednu stranu jednoduch\u00fd, na stranu druhou vy\u017eadoval v t\u00e9 dob\u011b ne zcela obvyklou k\u00e1ze\u0148 a p\u0159esn\u00e9 proveden\u00ed. Pr\u016fb\u011bh bitvy byl mnohokr\u00e1t pops\u00e1n, proto jen telegraficky. Pansk\u00e1 jednota za\u00fato\u010dila na vozovou hradbu radik\u00e1l\u016f. Po n\u011bkolika v\u00fdst\u0159elech z obou stran, za\u010dalo vojsko um\u00edrn\u011bn\u00fdch ustupovat, ba snad i p\u0159edst\u00edrat paniku a \u00fat\u011bk. Tuto situaci t\u00e1bo\u0159i i sirotci znali a za\u017eili mnohokr\u00e1t. Otev\u0159eli proto vozovou hradbu a za\u010dali prchaj\u00edc\u00edho nep\u0159\u00edtele pron\u00e1sledovat. Kdy\u017e byli odl\u00e1k\u00e1ni dostate\u010dn\u011b daleko od hlavn\u00edho voje, ustupuj\u00edc\u00ed nep\u0159\u00edtel se obr\u00e1til a provedl proti\u00fatok. Odlou\u010den\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st radik\u00e1l\u016f byla de facto pobita, jen n\u011bkolika des\u00edtk\u00e1m se povedlo prob\u00edt zp\u011bt. Mezit\u00edm ov\u0161em do otev\u0159en\u00e9 vozov\u00e9 hradby t\u00e1bor\u016f a sirotk\u016f vpadla skryt\u00e1 z\u00e1loha pansk\u00e9 j\u00edzdy. Ta p\u0159evr\u00e1tila \u00fadajn\u011b a\u017e osm voz\u016f, tak\u017ee hradbu nebylo mo\u017eno uzav\u0159\u00edt a efektivn\u011b br\u00e1nit. Do t\u00e9to mezery proudili dal\u0161\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00ed voj\u00e1ci Pansk\u00e9 jednoty. Bitva se zm\u011bnila v masakr a pob\u00edjen\u00ed t\u00e1borsk\u00fdch a sirot\u010d\u00edch voj\u00e1k\u016f. Ve v\u0159av\u011b bitvy zahynul i Prokop Holy a kn\u011bz Prok\u016fpek (Prokop Mal\u00fd). Ti jsou zachyceni na obraze Lu\u010fka Marolda, jak pokojn\u011b stoj\u00ed na jednom z voz\u016f uprost\u0159ed bitevn\u00ed v\u0159avy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"820\" height=\"526\" src=\"https:\/\/www.prozvane.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/bitva-u-lipan-maroldovo-panorama-78-zy93-155685488.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-145\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.prozvane.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/bitva-u-lipan-maroldovo-panorama-78-zy93-155685488.jpeg 820w, https:\/\/www.prozvane.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/bitva-u-lipan-maroldovo-panorama-78-zy93-155685488-300x192.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.prozvane.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/bitva-u-lipan-maroldovo-panorama-78-zy93-155685488-768x493.jpeg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 820px) 100vw, 820px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>V tento okam\u017eik se rod\u00ed historick\u00e1 pov\u011bst o Janu \u010capkovi ze S\u00e1n jako zr\u00e1dci od Lipan. Pamatujete si na minul\u00e1 jeho ta\u017een\u00ed, kdy zbrklou odvahou a nedostatkem rozvahy p\u0159i\u0161el o stovky mu\u017e\u016f? V \u010dele sirot\u010d\u00ed j\u00edzdy, spolu s Ond\u0159ejem Ke\u0159sk\u00fdm z \u0158imovic, kter\u00fd velel t\u00e1borsk\u00e9 hotovosti, se rozhodl zcela ztracenou bitvu, kdy dal\u0161\u00ed nasazen\u00ed n\u011bkolika set jezdc\u016f nemohlo nic rozhodnout, opustit. Odhaduje se, \u017ee zachr\u00e1nil cca 600 lehk\u00fdch j\u00edzdn\u00edch bojovn\u00edk\u016f (po\u010det jezdc\u016f Ond\u0159eje Ke\u0159sk\u00e9ho nezn\u00e1me). Spolu s nimi se povedlo ustoupit men\u0161\u00edmu mno\u017estv\u00ed p\u011b\u0161\u00edch. Oba hejtmani je odvedli do Kol\u00edna, kter\u00fd sirotci kontrolovali. T\u0159i dny po bitv\u011b Jan \u010capek ze S\u00e1n i Ond\u0159ej Ke\u0159sk\u00fd z \u0158imovic, kter\u00e9 ji\u017e 31. kv\u011btna oblehli p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edci zemsk\u00e9 hotovosti v Kol\u00edn\u011b, dojednali p\u0159\u00edm\u011b\u0159\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pr\u016fb\u011bhu bitvy jsem se v\u011bnoval (mimo jin\u00e9) <a href=\"https:\/\/www.prozvane.cz\/index.php\/2023\/02\/04\/bitva-u-krece-posledni-husitska-bitva\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">v tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"638\" src=\"https:\/\/www.prozvane.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1920px-Zmateny_utek_bratrske_jizdy-1024x638.jpg\" alt=\"Prchaj\u00edc\u00ed j\u00edzda Jana \u010capka ze S\u00e1n\" class=\"wp-image-146\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.prozvane.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1920px-Zmateny_utek_bratrske_jizdy-1024x638.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.prozvane.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1920px-Zmateny_utek_bratrske_jizdy-300x187.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.prozvane.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1920px-Zmateny_utek_bratrske_jizdy-768x478.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.prozvane.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1920px-Zmateny_utek_bratrske_jizdy-1536x957.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.prozvane.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1920px-Zmateny_utek_bratrske_jizdy-1568x977.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/www.prozvane.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1920px-Zmateny_utek_bratrske_jizdy.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Hled\u00e1 se vin\u00edk a zr\u00e1dce<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Prakticky hned po Lipanech se s typickou \u010deskou d\u016fslednost\u00ed za\u010dal hledat vin\u00edk. To, \u017ee bitvu prohr\u00e1l ten, kdo z\u0159ejm\u011b bez v\u011bdom\u00ed vrchn\u00edch velitel\u016f poru\u010dil otev\u0159\u00edt vozovou hradbu a vyrazit za ustupuj\u00edc\u00ed Panskou jednotou, nikoho nezaj\u00edmalo. Nab\u00edzel se tedy Jan \u010capek. P\u0159itom dne\u0161n\u00ed vojen\u0161t\u00ed historici naopak oce\u0148uj\u00ed to, \u017ee se snad poprv\u00e9 ve sv\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 kari\u00e9\u0159e zachoval jako rozv\u00e1\u017en\u00fd velitel a profesion\u00e1l, kter\u00fd po zhodnocen\u00ed zoufal\u00e9 situace t\u00e1borsko-sirot\u010d\u00edho vojska rozhodl o z\u00e1chran\u011b cenn\u00e9 lehk\u00e9 j\u00edzdy a t\u00edm i st\u00e1le je\u0161t\u011b pou\u017eiteln\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 s\u00edly. Hned ud\u00e1losti po bitv\u011b mu ostatn\u011b daly za pravdu. Nebylo s n\u00edm jedn\u00e1no jako s pora\u017een\u00fdm, ale v\u00edt\u011bzov\u00e9 s n\u00edm vedli jedn\u00e1n\u00ed jako rovn\u00fd s rovn\u00fdm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00ed osudy Jana \u010capka ze S\u00e1n jsou barvit\u00e9 a zaj\u00edmav\u00e9, ale nech\u00e1m v\u00e1m je k vlastn\u00edmu prostudov\u00e1n\u00ed. Ve zkratce, poddal se kr\u00e1li Zikmundovi, udr\u017eel za husitsk\u00e9 revoluce nabyt\u00fd zna\u010dn\u00fd majetek a d\u00e1l p\u016fsobil jako \u017eoldn\u00e9\u0159 ve slu\u017eb\u00e1ch \u017eoldn\u00e9\u0159sk\u00e9 slu\u017eb\u011b u kr\u00e1le Vladislava III. Jagellonsk\u00e9ho. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u017e zase n\u011bkde budete \u010d\u00edst \u010di sly\u0161et, \u017ee Jan \u010capek ze S\u00e1n je &#8222;zr\u00e1dce od Lipan&#8220;, zkuste si vzpomenout na tento text. Pr\u00e1v\u011b u Lipan si mo\u017en\u00e1 vzpomn\u011bl na sv\u00e9 ne\u00fasp\u011bchy a prohry a rozhodl se z vojensk\u00e9ho hlediska jedin\u00fdm spr\u00e1vn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>P\u016fvod tohoto vojev\u016fdce, jemu\u017e mnoz\u00ed nespravedliv\u011b p\u0159i\u0159kli roli zr\u00e1dce, kter\u00fd \u00fadajn\u011b prohr\u00e1l osudovou bitvu u Lipan, je nejasn\u00fd. Narodil se n\u011bkdy mezi lety 1390-1400 v mal\u00e9 vesnici S\u00e1ny mezi Kol\u00ednem a Pod\u011bbrady. Ve vsi st\u00e1ly dv\u011b tvrze, po nich\u017e nezbyly \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 stopy. Je tedy z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee Jan \u010capek byl p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edkem ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed \u0161lechty, ze kter\u00e9 se&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.prozvane.cz\/index.php\/jan-capek-ze-san-zradce-od-lipan\/\">Pokra\u010dovat ve\u00a0\u010dten\u00ed <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Jan \u010capek ze S\u00e1n &#8211; zr\u00e1dce od Lipan?<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-137","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-historie","entry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Jan \u010capek ze S\u00e1n - zr\u00e1dce od Lipan? - Blog pro zvan\u00e9<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Jan \u010capek ze S\u00e1n - zr\u00e1dce od Lipan? - Blog pro zvan\u00e9\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"P\u016fvod tohoto vojev\u016fdce, jemu\u017e mnoz\u00ed nespravedliv\u011b p\u0159i\u0159kli roli zr\u00e1dce, kter\u00fd \u00fadajn\u011b prohr\u00e1l osudovou bitvu u Lipan, je nejasn\u00fd. Narodil se n\u011bkdy mezi lety 1390-1400 v mal\u00e9 vesnici S\u00e1ny mezi Kol\u00ednem a Pod\u011bbrady. Ve vsi st\u00e1ly dv\u011b tvrze, po nich\u017e nezbyly \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 stopy. Je tedy z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee Jan \u010capek byl p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edkem ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed \u0161lechty, ze kter\u00e9 se&hellip; Pokra\u010dovat ve\u00a0\u010dten\u00ed Jan \u010capek ze S\u00e1n &#8211; zr\u00e1dce od Lipan?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.prozvane.cz\/index.php\/jan-capek-ze-san-zradce-od-lipan\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Blog pro zvan\u00e9\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-03-11T20:23:11+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-18T20:31:50+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.prozvane.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1-3-1024x618-540913393.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Napsal(a)\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Odhadovan\u00e1 doba \u010dten\u00ed\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"10 minut\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.prozvane.cz\/index.php\/jan-capek-ze-san-zradce-od-lipan\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.prozvane.cz\/index.php\/jan-capek-ze-san-zradce-od-lipan\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.prozvane.cz\/#\/schema\/person\/7a703d29252562e1839d859550272293\"},\"headline\":\"Jan \u010capek ze S\u00e1n &#8211; zr\u00e1dce od Lipan?\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-03-11T20:23:11+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-11-18T20:31:50+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.prozvane.cz\/index.php\/jan-capek-ze-san-zradce-od-lipan\/\"},\"wordCount\":2073,\"commentCount\":1,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.prozvane.cz\/index.php\/jan-capek-ze-san-zradce-od-lipan\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.prozvane.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1-3-1024x618-540913393.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Historie\"],\"inLanguage\":\"cs\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.prozvane.cz\/index.php\/jan-capek-ze-san-zradce-od-lipan\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.prozvane.cz\/index.php\/jan-capek-ze-san-zradce-od-lipan\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.prozvane.cz\/index.php\/jan-capek-ze-san-zradce-od-lipan\/\",\"name\":\"Jan \u010capek ze S\u00e1n - zr\u00e1dce od Lipan? 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